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Kivy at EuroPython – Lightning explanation


For all the guys that was interested about Kivy lightning talk at EuroPython 2011, due to some incomprehension about what is Kivy, here is a lightning explanation to make it clear.

Kivy is a Python framework designed for creating of Natural Users Interfaces. The framework containing abstraction for loading image, video, audio. It have a complete new approach about input events, and widgets. For example, you can use lot of widgets at the _same_ time, something not really possible in classical framework (qt, gtk…): try to touch on a button while selecting something in a list. This is not only about multitouch for one user, but also for multi users. Kivy graphics engine is in OpenGL ES2, and all the widgets are using it.

If you write an application in top of Kivy, you can deploy it on Linux, MacOSX, Windows and Android. Without changing anything in your code. Because it’s in Python.

The presentation tool i’ve used is PreseMT. It have been made by Christopher and Me. And it’s an application built using Kivy. A version of this tool is already published on Android Market.
PreseMT have been written in one week, and use lot of Kivy features. But it’s still not finished, and we are missing lot of features, like the ability to export the presentation in a “good” format. We have plan to make an export in HTML5, that will support animation too.

Feel free to follow me on @mathieuvirbel !

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Recording OpenGL output to H264 video

Apitrace is a tool for recording all the gl commands in a trace file. The trace file can be replay in later time, and they got a nice gui for checking all the gl call every frame, with introspection. They have a glretrace software that replay a trace file. We can use it to get the output of everyframe and push it in a gstreamer pipeline to make a video.

Why not using gtkRecordMyDesktop or other screen capture ? Sometime, the overhead of capturing and encoding video on live take too much CPU. And the application start to slow down. I didn’t see any slowdown using apitrace, and the trace file is very small compared to video output or raw video output.

So first, compile apitrace with stdout support:

$ git clone git://github.com/tito/apitrace.git
$ cd apitrace
$ git checkout snapshot-stdout
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make

Take any opengl application, and make a trace file. The trace file will have the name of the binary. In my case, python is an alias to python2.7: the trace file will be python2.7.trace.

$ LD_PRELOAD=./glxtrace.so python ~/code/kivy/examples/demo/pictures/main.py
# replay for fun now
$ ./glretrace python2.7.trace

To be able to make a video from the trace file, you need to know the size of the window, and the initial framerate. Here, my example is running at 800×600, 60fps:

$ ./glretrace -sr python2.7-trace | \
  gst-launch fdsrc ! \
  videoparse width=800 height=600 format=rgbx framerate=60 ! \
  videoflip method=5 ! videorate ! ffmpegcolorspace ! \
  video/x-raw-yuv,width=800,height=600,framerate=\(fraction\)30/1 \
   x264enc pass=quant ! avimux ! filesink location=output.avi

The final video will be saved in output.avi. You can check the video output here :

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Designing Configuration and Settings UI for Kivy

From 3 weeks now, i’m working on packaging kivy application, to create a installer/bundle/deb of a Kivy application. The reason is simple: as soon as you are doing an application, the user should not care about installing Kivy itself. In the same time, i’ve work on other projects that require to have their own configuration. From a long time, we always wanted to have some in-app settings for configure Kivy. Even Android have a “settings” button, we wanted to use it. :)

This is now possible.

Yes, it look like the honeycomb settings panel. Kind of. Well.

The configuration is automatically handled by the App class, and you can put your own token on it. The settings UI (that you’re seeing on the screen) is created from a JSON definitions. You can press F1 or the settings key on android to bring the settings panel, hook the on_config_change to know when a configuration token is changed from the settings ui, etc.

This is available in master, and will be published on next 1.0.7 version. If you are interested, please read and give feedback about the App documentation and the Settings documentation.

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NPOT textures support in OpenGL

If you already done OpenGL development, you should be aware of POT (Power of two) texture. Because of very old conventions, the texture size must be a power of two size. Not necessarily the same for width and height though : 256×256 is valid as 128×512.

The usual thing to do when you want to load an NPOT texture (like 23×61) is to:

  • take his closed POT size: 32×64
  • depending of the book you’re reading: blit/strech the 23×61 to the 32×64 texture
  • OR blit without stretch, and adjust texture coordinate (this is what kivy does right now.)

The downside part of this approach is that you’re lost a part of memory. Bad.

While ago, i remember to found the Rectangle texture support from NVidia. Aaah, finally, is it what we was waiting from a long time ? Erm, no. Their implementation have lot of downsides:

  • The usage of a specific texture target: GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_NV
  • No mipmap support
  • The texture coordinates are not normalized from 0-1… but from 0-width/height of the image
  • Some wrap mode are not supported (GL_REPEAT for eg.)

But today… i discover that most graphics card are supporting rectangle texture. If the extension GL_ARB_texture_non_power_of_two (OES_texture_npot for OpenGL ES platform), you can finally ensure that loading NPOT texture will… just work as expected :

  • You can still use GL_TEXTURE_2D
  • Mipmapping are supported
  • Texture coordinates are from 0-1
  • All wrap mode are supported

A little note here, in OpenGL ES 2, they have a native support for NPOT texture, but with somes limitations related to mipmapping.

If you want to just load NPOT texture safely without using rectangle texture, just check the availability of theses extensions :

extensions = glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS).split()
npot_support = ('OES_texture_npot' in extensions or \
                'GL_ARB_texture_non_power_of_two' in extensions)